Esophageal diverticula can be categorized as (1) true diverticula that contain all the layers of the esophageal wall, (2) false diverticula that contain only the mucosa, and (3) intramural diverticula ...

At either end of the esophagus the ciliated epithelium gives rise to esophageal glands. The upper esophagus is derived from branchial arches 4, 5, and 6, but the derivation of the lower esophagus is ...

A benign esophageal stricture is a narrowing of the esophagus, or food pipe, which is the tube that runs from the throat to the stomach. Benign means that it is noncancerous. Taking medications to ...

In 1959 Bartlett and Jones 4 described 4 patients with the lower esophageal ring operated upon at the Massachusetts General Hospital. In each of these 4 cases a small sliding hiatus hernia was present ...

Because iron deficiency anemia is a part of the syndrome, laboratory findings consistent with iron deficiency anemia are necessary for the diagnosis. The latter includes microcytic anemia with a low ...

Esophageal spasms occur when the esophagus contracts abnormally, and they can be painful and uncomfortable. When they happen, the movement of food and drink toward the stomach is disrupted and less ...