The discovery by Indian and British scientists that the Earth's strong outer shell -- the 'lithosphere' -- within the central Indian Ocean began to deform and fracture 15.4--13.9 million years ago, ...

The magnetized rocks of Earth's crust and mantle, also known as the upper lithosphere, accounts for generating 6 percent of the planets magnetic field. Data from the European Space Agency's Swarm ...

When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. Satellites have provided a detailed view of the small but vitally important magnetic signals ...