DNA, often called the blueprint of life, is built from four chemical building blocks known as deoxy-nucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs)—dATP, dTTP, dGTP, and dCTP. Cells constantly need these molecules ...

An assay for the binding of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate with an enzyme-DNA complex has been developed. This binding requires active enzyme and magnesium ion, takes place equally with native or ...

Pathogen recognition is based on the presence of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to coordinate the immune cascade. These receptors are encoded ...

Stephen has degrees in science (Physics major) and arts (English Literature and the History and Philosophy of Science), as well as a Graduate Diploma in Science Communication. Stephen has degrees in ...