Among patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer (HNC), more than 75% have advanced stages and are eligible for multidisciplinary management and combined treatments, including surgery and ...

Random-pattern skin flaps (RPSFs) receive blood mainly from small subcutaneous vessels rather than a defined axial vessel, ...

Modern reconstructive and cosmetic surgical approaches increasingly rely on different types of grafts and implants to restore form, contour, and function. Among the most commonly used options are fat ...

Skin flaps are essential in reconstructive surgery, but their success can be threatened when blood flow fails to reach the ...